What does Off-page factors mean?

Off-page factors are signals outside the website itself that can affect its trustworthiness, authority and visibility in search engines. Most commonly they include backlinks from other websites, brand mentions, citations, reviews or other signs of the website's reputation and popularity online. In SEO, high-quality and topically relevant links are especially important, as they can signal to search engines that the page is useful and trustworthy. The quality and naturalness of these signals matter more than their quantity. Off-page SEO therefore focuses on building authority, earning relevant links and strengthening the brand's reputation outside its own website.